Es importante conocer esta prevalencia. Los casos negativos de hepatitis B y la recomendación de vacunar. Los casos positivos de hepatitis C, de HIV y la indicación de tratamiento.
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Smoked cocaine
Smoked cocaine in socially-depressed areas
Jordi Delas1,2,3*, Elena Adán1, Olga Díaz1, Margarita Aguas3, Montserrat Pons3 and Ricardo Fuertes1
Abstract
Background: The main objectives of this study are to describe the smoked cocaine user’s profile in sociallydepressed areas and their needs from a harm-reduction perspective, to investigate their use of smoking crack and compare the acute effects between injecting and smoking consumption.
Methods: The study took place in SAPS, Barcelona, Spain. Two focus group sessions were undertaken with a total of 8 drug users. Secondly, the 8 participants answered a structured questionnaire and in the course of the sessions, as a snowball activity, were trained to survey 6 other crack smokers.
Results: We obtained 56 questionnaires. The majority of participants were from non-European Community countries (62.69%), 70.2% of participants referred to sharing the smoking equipment. The most frequent symptoms reported during smoked cocaine were mydriasis (83.33%)), perspiration (72.92%) and compulsive object search (70.83%) During the group sessions, participants said that smoked cocaine is much more addictive than injected cocaine and causes more anxiety. Participants also reported the difficulty of changing from injected use to smoked use, due to the larger amount of cocaine needed to reach the same effects as when having injected.
Conclusions: We can conclude that the research, focused on achieving greater knowledge of the smoked cocaine user’s profile, their usage of smoking crack, consumption patterns and acute effects, should be incorporated into substance misuse interventions.
Background: The main objectives of this study are to describe the smoked cocaine user’s profile in sociallydepressed areas and their needs from a harm-reduction perspective, to investigate their use of smoking crack and compare the acute effects between injecting and smoking consumption.
Methods: The study took place in SAPS, Barcelona, Spain. Two focus group sessions were undertaken with a total of 8 drug users. Secondly, the 8 participants answered a structured questionnaire and in the course of the sessions, as a snowball activity, were trained to survey 6 other crack smokers.
Results: We obtained 56 questionnaires. The majority of participants were from non-European Community countries (62.69%), 70.2% of participants referred to sharing the smoking equipment. The most frequent symptoms reported during smoked cocaine were mydriasis (83.33%)), perspiration (72.92%) and compulsive object search (70.83%) During the group sessions, participants said that smoked cocaine is much more addictive than injected cocaine and causes more anxiety. Participants also reported the difficulty of changing from injected use to smoked use, due to the larger amount of cocaine needed to reach the same effects as when having injected.
Conclusions: We can conclude that the research, focused on achieving greater knowledge of the smoked cocaine user’s profile, their usage of smoking crack, consumption patterns and acute effects, should be incorporated into substance misuse interventions.
Delas et al. Harm Reduction Journal 2010, 7:27
http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/7/1/27
http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/7/1/27
Welcome to Ex Aequo’s Low Threshold Journal
LowThreshold Journal publica artículos relacionados con la atención en zonas urbanas socialmente deprimidas. Estos artículos son revisados por el equipo editorial y una vez los autores han dado su conformidad se publican en el idioma orginial además de catalán, inglés y castellano.
Injecting drug users from Eastern Europe in Barcelona, Spain
Summary
Objectives: Abstract
From May 1999 to May 2001, we made contact with injecting drug users from Eastern Europe in the healthcare and prevention service of the Red Cross (servicio de atención y prevención sociosanitaria [SAPS]) in Barcelona (Spain). The users attended free therapeutic centers, but paid approximately 500 for the trip.
The users were aged between 18 and 30 years old and maintained family contact. The knew the risk of disease transmission, but often exchanged needles. The prevalence of hepatitis C (92%) and B (62%) was high but less than that of HIV (19%). If they did not stop taking drugs their return would be a failure and they would have difficulties in following methadone and antiretroviral treatments in their countries of origin.
The healthcare provided in these centers should respond to user’ needs: cultural mediation should be sought, as well as information from users’ countries of origin.
Centers receiving users from other countries should be supervised and alternatives should be designed for users who abandon treatment. International cooperation and programs to reduce the risk of drug consumption should be developed. Treatment should be prevented from becoming a business.�
Key words: Needle exchange. Injecting drug users. Harm reduction. Immigration.
http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?pid=S0213-91112003000300013&script=sci_arttext
Syringe Withdrawal Community (RECOJE)
Summary
Objectives: To contribute to harm reduction in injecting drug
users (IDUs) by the implementation of a programme to withdraw
abandoned syringes from public places, as well as to collaborate
on the social reinsertion of IDUs.
Methods: Descriptive study of the Syringe Withdrawal Community (RECOJE in Spanish), carried out from 1997 to 1999 by IDUs, the We Are Helpful Association (ASUT in Spanish) and the Social and Health Prevention and Attention Service (SAPS in Spanish) of the Red Cross, in Ciutat Vella (Barcelona, Spain).
Results: 4,332 syringes were withdrawn, 849 in 1997, 1,324 in 1998 and 2,159 in 1999. The mean number of syringes withdrawn each time was 57 ± 33. 45 different IDUs worked in RECOJE. 74.2% of the abandoned syringes were found in parks, gardens, car parks and open spaces.
Conclusions: RECOJE can be a valid programme for harm reduction complementary to the exchange syringe programmes. It could improve the self-esteem, external image and organization of IDUs, contributing to their social reinsertion.
Key words: Needle exchange. Injecting drug users. Harm reduction.
http://www.revespcardiol.org/sites/default/files/elsevier/pdf/138/138v15n04a13018931pdf001.pdf
Síndrome posconsumo de cocaína inyectada a partir de las observaciones en una sala de consumo supervisada
Delás, Jordi; Giselle Priore, Ana; Pigem, Anna; Aguas, Margarita
Published in Med Clin (Barc). 2008;130:35. – vol.130 núm 01
Sr. Editor: La cocaína es una sustancia de acción generalizada en el organismo. La mayoría de los estudios sobre sus efectos inmediatos se vinculan a entrevistas1, notas de campo2 o pacientes que acuden a urgencias por algún efecto secundario3. La implantación de las salas de inyección supervisadas, además de erradicar la mortalidad4, permite observar y definir el síndrome posconsumo.